Distance-operated mechanism and signal connected to electric-supply systems.



H. E. ANGOLD. W. DUDDELL, A. H. DYKES, H. W. HANDCOCK C. ULIVER. msnncforfnmn mzcmmsm Aun smmu. connecten 1o fummo SUPPLY svsims.

APIUCITION FILED MAY25.19\I.

Patented 0%.:9. 1917.

1,242,756 2 ummm 1.

O www H. E. ANGOLD, W. DUDDELL, A. H. DYKES. H. W. HANDCOCK 5h C. LIVER.DISTANCE oPEaATED MEcNANlsN ANNsmNAL CONNECTED To ELECTRIC SUPPLYsYsfMs. APPLICATION FILED IAY 25. 1917.

1,242,756. Patented out. 9. m17.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

K /ff l T R T) lll'il UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

'HERBERT EDWARD AN GOLD, 0F ELTHAM, AND WILLIAM DUDDELL, ALFRED HERBERTDYKES, AND HENRY WILLIAM HANDOOCK, 0F WESTMINSTEB, LONDON, AND CHARLESOLIVER, OF CHIBLE-HUBST, ENGLAND.

Bpeoieation of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

Application Medley 25, 1017. Serial llo. 171,080.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, HERBERT EDWARD ANeoLD, electrical engineer,residing at 29 Greenholm road, Eltham, in the county 'of Kent, England,WinLmM DUDDELL, consulting engineer, residing at 5h Victoria street,Westminster, London, England, ALFRED HERBERT Dimas, consultin engineer,residing at 11 Victoria street, estrninster, London, England, HENRYWILLIAM HANnooox, consultn engineer, residing at 11 Victoria street,estminster, London, England, and CHARLES OLIVER, electrical engineer, of3 Shepherds Green, Chislehurst, in the county of Kent, England, allsubjects of the King of Great Britain, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in and Connected with Distance- Operated Mechanismsand Signals Connected to Electric-Supply Systems, of which the followingis a specification.

In any electric supply circuit, alternating or direct current, theprinciple of employing the whole circuit, or part of the circuit withian earth return, to convey an electric ripple so as to operate from acontrol point or points mechanism or signals at one or more distantcontrolled points as required, is well known, the apparatus at thecontrolled point containing as an essential part, a mechanism or coiland condenser tuned to the controllin frequency, this being so dif- Pferent from t e frequency of supply that the controlled apparatus willrespond to the controlling frequency or frequencies, butcnot to thenormal frequency of the supply circuit.

In endeavoring to turn to practical use on electric supply systems theinventiorsso far known to us, we have found difficulties, however, asnumerous causes contribute to set up ripples of various frequencies, onthe one corresponding to the normal frequency of supply. These mayhappen occasionally to be of the frequency for which the apparatus at acontrolled vpoint is tuned, thus causing it to act when not desired todo so.

In order to obviate this diiiculty, we have provided in the controlledmechanism two different and essential parts, one electrical-tuned to thecontrol fre uency, the other mechanical-so that it on y operates whenthe controlled fre uency has been apphed at regular interva s, asufficient numer of times, to work a vibrator or pendulum having aperiod of Yos illation correspending to the rate at whi the electricalcontrol ripple is turned on and oil the system, the electrical controlfrequen being diii'erent from the mechanical perio of oscillation.

1n order to make this clear, suppose that at an electric supply station,arrangements are made to superpose a control ripple havlng a frequencyf, there being a condenser and coil in the controlled apparatus tuned tothat frequency. If this coil actuates a pendulum each time that rippleis applied, 1t 1s evident that if the ripple f, be put on and o atsuccessive time intervals correspondin to w, the eriod of a completeoscillation o the pen ulum, then this process performed at the controlpoint will cause the pendulum at the controlled pointv to set upalswing, whichmay be utilized to close a circuit of a relay, and thusperform any desired Work, or to actuate a signal of some sort.

With this arrangement, it is practically im ossible for the distantcontrolled mechanism to be o erated electrically by accidental causes. ncertain cases however, local causes at the controlled point may causethe endulum to start swinging without receiving the predeterminedelectric impulse from the control point. In order to obviate thisdiiculty when it arises, we substitute for the pendulum the well knownarrangement of a balance Wheel on a spindle, controlled by a spiralsprin so as to have a period of oscillation, as. his combination isfound -to obviate the latter diiiculty and in this form it may bedescribed briefly, subject to the more detailed description containedherein,-as consisting of an appliance at a control point or points, bywhich a series of electric ripples are set up of frequency f, at equaltime intervals corresponding to as, these rip-ples beingftransmittewholly over an electric supply circuit or partly over an electric supplycircuit and back through earth, so as to operate at one or morecontrolled points an electro-magnet or coil and condenser in resonanceat frequency f, which convey impulses to a balance wheel tuned tooscillate with a time interval as, so that on attainin a predeterminedamplitude it makes an e ectric contact so as to operate a relay or givea signal. 0r it may "ve the signal by its movenient, without ma ing anelectric contact.

Obviously this arrangement is ca able of various developments. t maysimp y cause an electric lamp to flash or give a signal in some otherway each time the balance wheel completes the electric circuit locally,or if the act of making contact works a relay, that relay may close anelectric circuit such as an electric street lamp or a meter circuit.

A second balance wheel or pendulum may be provided, tuned so as tooscillate in response to impulses applied at the controlling pointl atadiiferent tlme interval w1. This, when in oscillation, makes a contactwhich may be utilized to reverse the operation of the relay,extinguishing the lamp before referred to, for instance, or altering themeter connections so as to make the meter register at a di'erent rate,or on another dial, or the like. The electric resonance apparatusconveying the impulse to this secondbalance Wheel may also be tuned fora different frequency f1. Obviously for various purposes variouscombinations of different frequencies f with different time intervalsmay be employed We find that We can vary the method of conveying theimpulse to the balance wheel, depending on the commercial degree ofexactitude required. If this be' not great, we cause the impulse fromthe coil, which need not be tuned too sharply, to be conveyed direct tothe balance wheel, when even if there be some variation in f or theapparatus can still be made to work by increasing the amplitude of theripple. In cases, however, where we wish to insure greater accuracy orto use a number of different time interyals w1, a liner degree ofexactitude in selection is necessary so that the balance wheel shouldrespond within practical limits only to impulses applied at the timeintervals to which it is tuned. To obtain this exactitude a good numberof impulses is desirable` in order to bring the wheel up to its fullamplitude as otherwise if a small number only were suilicient, it wouldbe affected by impulses which may be applied at periods differing butlittle from that to which it is tuned. For instance, a wheel tuned tomake 160 oscillations per minute would only be 1; of a period out ofstep at` the end of 10 impulses if the latter were applied at the rateof 164 per minute.

To make certain that the wheel will not reach itsfull amplitude unlessit has received a definite number of impulses it is necessary that theimpulses conveyed to it shall be fairly even and not exceed d qte value.To obtain this we convey the impulse not direct to the wheel but throughthe spring controlling it by a reciprocating armature and we limit thetravel of the latter in bothI directions, backward andforward so thatwhatever the variationin the strength of the impulse impartedftothearmature the amount of movementtransmitted to the spring and4consequently the impulse conveyed to the wheel through the spring remainpractically constant.

Where a pendulum is used instead of a balance wheel the impulse may bealso con-5 veyed through a spring.

We also find it useful to install at` the control point, or points, onepilot controlled apparatus or more, so as to enable the operator toperceive if and when anything has occurred on the circuit purposely orotherwi to cause the corresponding distant control ed apparatus tooperate.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the system illustrating one form ofapparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of one form of circuit breaking device.

Fig. 3 is a similar vew of a modified form of circuit breaking device.

Fig. l is' a view similar to Fig. 3 with a modified form of armaturesupport; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary end elevational view of theelectromagnet and armature shown in connection with the deviceillustrated in Fig. 4.

Fig. 1, illustrates one of the ways in which our invention may be putinto effect. A is an alternator of frequency f, Whch through atransformer impresses a ripple on the public supply mains Z, at thecontrol point at the generating station or possibly at a substation. Ais excited in any suitable manner, the field being made or broken by apendulum P, or the like, having a swing of time interval ai. The sameresult may be produced in other ways, such as causing the pendulum toshort the field, for instance, when it is desirable to adopt any of thewell known means to obviate shorting the source of energy for the fieldexcitation at the same time, such as by the insertion of a furtherresistance in the circuit.

Where deemed advisable, the lield spark may also be "su pressed by anywell known means and a re av may be inserted between the pendulum andthe eld circuit.

At the controlled point, C is a circuit, tuned to the frequency f. Thecoil or electro-magnet in C is provided with a pivoted armature D heldoi against a sto by the spring E. IThe opposite end of is connected tothe end of the spri G, which controls the wheel H throu h t e arbor onwhich it is mounted so that has a period of oscillation w. A and C havethe same record of a meter,

in any ivots or sprin to one of the sup l gli the rim of I'I is acontact pin,v

when the amplitude of swing of H is suiii.

cient it makes contact with a projecting arm and s0 energizes theelectro-magnet L, from the supply circuit. Iyis obyious that if a rippleof frequenc ff is impressed on the supply mains, medie and interruptedby P at time intervals w, 'the electromagnet in C will attract andrelease D at time intervals w, conveying' an impulse through G to H andthus causing it to oscillate. When H has attained a swing of suiiicientamplitude the contact K will close the circuit and energize L which maythus be caused to do any useful work required such as lighting a publiclamp M, changingi the manner o or the l1 e. In Fig. 2 is shown a deviceto prevent sparking at the contact K or in the immediate locality of thef wheel H.

Q is a conducting arm pivoted at the center and provided with any wellknown device .to hold it over when attracted through 'the armature R orR1 to one side or the other. When R1 has been attracted by L1 it remainsover, leaving L connected to the mains, and further circuit throu hcontacts K1 is impossible. On H oscil ating and making contact throu hK, L attracts R dragging Q over in t e opposite direction throwing L outof circuit and throwing L1 in, continued oscillations of H after thefirst contact makingl` no electrical circuit through contact K. hevarious parts must be so arranged as to have time constants Such thatcontacts are broken by Q before they are broken at K or K1. Evidently Qcan be made by the same operation to extinguish or light a lamp or doanything else that may be required.

We may also, when found desirable, utilize one magnet L to perform thefunction of switching on and o', or the like, in the place of L and L1.Fig. 3 indicates how this may be done.

In this Fig. 3, the electro-magnets L and L1 are replaced by anelectro-magnet L, the

armature R being carried on an arm so as to swing radially about thecenter S If,

for instance2 it is in the position shown in Fig. 3 restlng against andtouching the contact T, when L is excited R is attracted toward L andmoves about the center S. Immediately it is attracted forward, however,it breaks the circuit, thus denergizlng L: but.the im etus that it hasreceived carries it over t e dead center and it finally rests againstthe contact T1, in position ready to be drawn back by L over to T when Hoscillates, making contact throu h K at T1. The contact T in this caseis a o u Ipulses from said generator,

to make the electrical circuit through the ublic lam M or otherapparatus which itis desire to' operate. .y

We nd that 1f S is a rigid pivot, there is a danger of R remaining in anupright position lmmediately over the core of the manet. For thisreason, the pivot S instead of eing made stable, is fixed to a loose armpivoted at U, as shown in Fig. 4, so that when the arm carrying R isimmediately vertical, S beingA unstable, R is in a state of unstableequilibrium and thus falls over against T or T1, as the case may be. Inthis Fig. 4 the oscillator H1 carries the contact K1 and is actuatedthrough the! volute spring G1 from the armature D1. An electro-magnetC1, connected across the mains Z, controls the vibration of saidarmature D1 which is under the yieldable restraint of the coil springE1. Fig. 5 is a side view` of the magnet L, Fig. 4.

We exclude from our claims any applications of this invention in whichthe transmission of the controllin ripple wholly or partl through apublic e ectric supply systern oes not form part.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declarethat what we claim 1s:-

1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice at` said control station for regulating the periodic transmissionof imelectromagnetic means at the controlled station energized by saidgenerator, electromagnetic means, an oscillator at the controlledstation independent and distinct from said armature, and means forconnecting said oscillator and armature to vibrate the former from thelatter, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice for controlling the periodic transmission of impulses from saidgenerator, electromagnetic means at said controlled station, an armatureunder the iniiuence of said electromagnetic means, an oscillator at thecontrolled station separateand independent from said armature, and amechanical connection coupling said oscillator and armature to vibratethe former with the same periodic motion as said device, substantiallyas described.Y

3. In an apparatusfof the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station,means for periodically transmitting impulses from said generator to thecontrolled station, electromagnetic means at the an armature actuated bysaid under the iniiuence of said e controlled station tuned to respondto the frequencyv of said generator an armature lectroma etic means, anoscillator at said controll station distinct from said amature, aresilient connection between said oscillator and ar.

mature, and a local circuitadapted to be closed by the said oscillator,substantially as described.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofcontrol and con'- trolled stations, a generator at the control station,means for controlling the periodic transmission of impulses from saidgenerator, a receiving coil at the controlled station adapted to beenergized from said gernerator, an armature ada ted to vibrate under theinfluence of sai receiving coil, an oscillator at said controlledstation se arate from said armature, a local circuit a apted to beclosed by said oscillator on attaining a predetermined amplitude ofvibration, and a coil spring for connecting said oscillator andarmature, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice. for regulating the periodic transmission of impulses from saidgenerator, electromagnetic means at the controlled station for receivingsuch impulses, an armature adapted to vibrate under the influence ofsaid electromagnetic means, an oscillator at the controlled station,means connecting said oscillator and armature, a local circuit at thecontrolled station, a contact carried by said oscillator for closingsaid local circuit, and means for interrupting said local circuitindependently of said oscillator, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice for controlling the periodic transmission of impulses from saiderator, electromagnetic means at the controlled station for receivingsuch impulses, armatures adapted to vibrate under the inliuencc of saidelectromagnetic means, oscillators at the controlled station distinctfrom said armatures, means for connecting said oscillators andarmatures, local circuits at the controlled station, contacts cari'iedby said oscillators for closing said local circuits, and

means for interrupting after the same have been closed by said contacts,substantially as described.

x7. In an apparatus of the character de-i i'ibed, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice for controlling the periodic transmission of impulses from saidgenerator,.electromagnetic means at the controlled station armatures adated to vibrate under` the. uence of said e ectromagnetic means,oscillators at the controlled station having the same vibration periodwith said device,

said local circuits f means for connecting said oscillators andarmatures, local circuits at the controlled station, contacts carried bysaid oscillators for closing said local circuits2 and means forinterrupting said local circuits after the same have been closed by saidoscillatorsfincluding lan electroma et, an armature vibrating under thein uence of said electromagnet, and opposed contacts adapted to beengaged by said last-named armature, substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of. the character described, the combination ofcontrol and controlled stations, a generator at the control station, adevice for controlling the periodic transmission of impulses from saidgenerator, electromagnet means at the controlled station, armaturesadapted to vibrate under the inuence of said electromagnetic means,oscillators at the controlled station having the same vibration periodwith said device,

means for connecting said oscillators and armatures, local circuits atthe controlled station, contacts carried by said oscillators for closingsaid local circuits, and means for in- Y HERBERT EDWARD ANGOLD. WILLIAMDUDDELL.

ALFRED HERBERT DYKES. HENRY WILLIAM HANDCOCK. CHARLES LIVER.

